Lanterns / cupolas on roofs in Howard County MD for light and ventilation

One way to cool buildings was to have a 'lantern' or cupola on the roof that would draw the warm air up stairs, or through vents or ductwork then out the slat openings or open the windows of the lantern. Cooler air would be sucked in from below. Lantern on Linwood.

The interior view (next photo) of Linwood's lantern c1865, shows the ropes that opened the windows and the black square vents below each window.

Carrollton Hall

During a recent open house, I took some pictures of the fabulous vaulted entry hall ceiling, one of several architectural gems designed by William F. Small in 1831. Charles Carroll gave the land on Folly Quarter Road to one of his granddaughters, Emily Caton MacTavish (1793-1867) then to her son, then through a series of owners until finally to The Franciscan Friars Conventual who have owned it since 1928.